Organizing Elections in Haiti

In recent discussions at the United Nations, world leaders have been deliberating on the future of international efforts to address the gang crisis in Haiti, which has significantly hindered the country’s governance and stability. The last general elections were held in 2016, and since then, the political landscape has deteriorated, compounded by the assassination of President Jovenel Moïse in 2021. As part of the country’s steps toward restoring democratic processes, Haiti has made initial moves to establish a provisional election council aimed at organizing elections. However, many Haitians express skepticism regarding the ability to hold elections under current violent conditions, with estimates suggesting that gangs control up to 80% of the capital, Port-au-Prince.

Challenges to Election Organization

1. Security Concerns: The pervasive gang violence poses a significant barrier to organizing elections. Citizens and officials alike question how elections can be conducted safely when police forces are unable to access certain areas due to threats from gangs. As noted by local resident Mario Canteve, the environment is too dangerous, with rampant shootings making it difficult to envision a legitimate electoral process.

2. Historical Context: Previous attempts at international intervention, including U.N. peacekeeping missions, have not yielded the desired improvements in Haiti’s security or governance. Many Haitians are wary of foreign involvement, recalling instances of abuse and neglect during past missions. This historical skepticism complicates the current situation, as international forces are being considered to assist with security during the upcoming elections.

3. Political Framework: The establishment of a provisional election council is a step toward facilitating elections, but it is fraught with challenges. The council’s effectiveness will depend on overcoming the existing violence and fostering a political environment conducive to democratic processes. Additionally, there is a pressing need for logistical support and resources to ensure that elections can be organized and conducted fairly.

Path Forward

While some Haitians hold out hope that upcoming elections could lead to a resolution of the ongoing crisis, the immediate focus remains on addressing security issues. The international community’s role, particularly through the proposed expansion of Kenyan forces and potential U.N. involvement, will be crucial in determining whether Haiti can move forward with organizing elections amidst its current turmoil. The situation remains fluid, and many Haitians continue to express doubts about the efficacy of both international efforts and local governance in restoring order and enabling a democratic process.