Iran's military support for Hamas and Hezbollah intensifies with missile attacks on Israel in retaliation for the deaths of key militant leaders.

In the wake of Hamas-led attacks on Israel, which resulted in substantial casualties and abductions, Iran has actively supported both Hamas and Hezbollah, referring to their collective efforts as the Axis of Resistance against Israel. Following the deaths of prominent militants, Iran launched approximately 180 ballistic missiles at Israel, signaling a marked escalation in its military involvement. The Israeli Defense Minister has warned of a “lethal” and “surprising” response to these missile attacks, indicating the potential for further conflict. The ongoing war has led to widespread destruction in Gaza, with significant civilian casualties reported, and has displaced around 90% of the population there. As tensions continue to rise, the situation remains precarious, with the potential for broader regional implications.

Context of the Conflict

• Hamas Attacks: On October 7, 2023, Hamas launched a significant offensive against Israel, resulting in the deaths of approximately 1,200 people, predominantly civilians. This attack has been a catalyst for the current escalation of violence.

• Israeli Military Response: In retaliation, Israel has undertaken extensive air and ground operations targeting Hamas, leading to heavy casualties among Palestinians. Local health authorities estimate that over 42,000 Palestinians have died since the conflict reignited.

• Role of Hezbollah: Hezbollah’s involvement has further complicated the situation, with the group firing rockets into Israel in solidarity with Hamas. This has prompted Israeli airstrikes in Lebanon, escalating the conflict across borders.

Implications for Regional Stability

The ongoing support from Iran for militant groups such as Hamas and Hezbollah poses significant challenges for regional stability. As these groups continue to engage in hostilities against Israel, the potential for a wider conflict involving multiple state and non-state actors increases. The situation remains fluid, with diplomatic efforts and military responses continuously evolving in response to the escalating violence.